Did you know the use of sleep deprivation as a form of torture is universally condemned as a violation of human rights? It is recognised as a form of cruel, inhumane, and degrading treatment that can cause lasting harm to the victim. And yet, as new or experienced parents, many of us struggle with sleep deprivation, and it can be a contributing factor to postnatal depression.
Sleep deprivation can lead to hormonal changes in the body, including an increase in cortisol (the stress hormone) and a decrease in serotonin (the mood-regulating hormone). Cortisol is involved in the body's stress response and is released in response to stressors, including lack of sleep. Increased cortisol levels can lead to a range of negative health effects, including weight gain, impaired immune function, and mood changes.
Lack of sleep can disrupt the balance of hormones that regulate appetite, including leptin and ghrelin. Leptin is a hormone that signals to the brain when we are full, while ghrelin is a hormone that signals when we are hungry. Sleep deprivation can decrease leptin levels and increase ghrelin levels, leading to increased appetite and overeating. It can also impact insulin levels and glucose metabolism. Studies have shown that sleep deprivation can cause insulin resistance, which can lead to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
The increase in stress can make it harder for parents to cope with the demands of parenthood. This can contribute to feelings of overwhelm, irritability, and anxiety. Being a new parent can be challenging, and sleep deprivation can make it even more difficult to manage. It can make it harder to think clearly and make decisions, and can make everyday tasks feel more overwhelming.
Additionally, sleep deprivation can make it harder to manage emotions, which can contribute to feelings of irritability and moodiness. It can interfere with a parent’s ability to function in their daily life. This can include difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, and a lack of motivation, which can exacerbate feelings of depression. All of these emotions can make a parent feel as though they are lacking in support and exacerbate the feeling of isolation.
It's important for new parents to prioritise sleep and seek support from loved ones or healthcare professionals if they are experiencing symptoms of postnatal depression. Treatment for postnatal depression may include therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes, such as improving sleep habits.
N.B. We need to recognise that postnatal depression doesn’t just happen to women, men can also experience all of the above.
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